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General Our General section contains a wide range of medications some of which are also included in another section. This includes medications that can be used to treat nausea/vomiting, travel sickness, incontinence, and malaria; also conditions of the bowels, circulation and some cancers. There are also dietary supplements to help promote joint health and boost the immune system against colds and flu.
The different classes of general medication are listed on the left of the page and when you click on one of these, the principal brand name products display in the left column and generic alternatives to the right.
Use the search feature to quickly find the product you are looking for, by entering either the active ingredient, e.g. hyoscine or the product name, e.g. Buscopan.
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Our Anti-Nausea/Vomiting class of General products medications includes a range of antiemetics that are used to treat nausea and vomiting, which are symptoms of several different conditions.
Use the search feature to quickly find the product you are looking for, by entering either the active ingredient, e.g. domperidone, or the product name, e.g. Motilium.
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Causes of nausea and vomiting Nausea and vomiting are symptoms of several conditions, including, gastrointestinal disorders, dysmobility (slowing down of food through the GI tract), food poisoning, migraine, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment, reaction to surgical anaesthetic.
The vomiting reflex originates in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) of the area postrema of the brain. The CTZ is triggered by nerve messages sent from the small intestines stimulated by the neurotransmitters dopamine or serotonin. When triggered the CTZ sends nerve messages to the vomiting centre of the brain, causing nausea and vomiting.
Medications for nausea and vomitingMedications used to relieve nausea and vomiting include two types of antiemetic:
- Serotonin receptor-antagonists like ondansetron work by binding to specific 5HT3 receptors in the intestine and in the CTZ and block the transmission of nerve messages from the intestines and from the CTZ to the vomiting centre in the brain, which prevents the vomiting reflex from being triggered.
- Dopamine antagonist like domperidone and metoclopramide work by binding to dopamine receptors in the CTZ blocking the transmission of nerve messages to vomiting centre in the brain, which prevents the vomiting reflex from being triggered. They also have gastrokinetic action by interacting with nervous control of muscle contraction in the stomach and upper intestine, which helps relieve symptoms of dysmobility and this also helps prevent vomiting.
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Our Haemorrhoids class of General products are topical medications for haemorrhoids also known as piles, to reduce pain and inflammation.
Use the search feature to quickly find the product you are looking for, by entering either the active ingredient, e.g. fluocortolone, or the product name, e.g. Ultraproct.
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What are Haemorrhoids?Haemorrhoids are swollen veins in the lining of the lower part of the rectum and anus. They are caused by an increase in pressure within the rectum and anus such as during pregnancy, due to pressure of the enlarged uterus, and straining due to constipation.
This causes the swollen veins to become permanently dilated, swollen and inflamed. Haemorrhoids can be internal within the lining of the lower rectum and anal canal, or external, which surround the anus. Internal haemorrhoids are made up of blood vessels, supporting connective tissue and smooth muscle. They are usually pain free but can cause bleeding and may also become prolapsed when protrude into the anal canal and can cause problems. External haemorrhoids may also bleed if they become thrombosed, which is when there is bleeding within the haemorrhoid and the blood clots. External haemorrhoids may cause itching due to irritation of the surrounding skin, but this may also be due to rectal or anal fissures, which are small tears or cuts in the anal or rectal canal through which stools are passed. Muscle spasm is also a symptom of haemorrhoids, which can be painful.
Treatment for haemorrhoidsTreatments for haemorrhoids are available as an ointment applied to the anal area or as a suppository that is inserted into the rectum. Haemorrhoid treatments usually combine a corticosteroid anti-inflammatory with a local anaesthetic to treat the inflammation and pain associated with haemorrhoids. The corticosteroid inhibits the formation of inflammatory chemicals like interleukins that stimulate the formation of other inflammatory chemicals like prostaglandins. This reduces pain and swelling, associated with inflammation. The anaesthetic component acts locally to reduce pain, discomfort and itching.
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This category is currently empty. Please check back soon for new Products.
Our General Medications class of General products includes medications for treating various conditions, many of which are included in other more specific sections. These include medications for incontinence, nausea, haemorrhoids, malaria, gout, warts, inflammation, conditions of the bowels, circulation and Meniere's syndrome.
Use the search feature to quickly find the product you are looking for, by entering either the active ingredient, e.g. imiquimod, or the product name, e.g. Aldara.
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General conditionsThe range of conditions treated under the General class of medications includes:
- Skin conditions like solar (actinic) keratoses and basal cell carcinoma caused by sun damage.
- Genital/perianal warts, which are warts on the surface of the genitals and around the anus caused by infection with human papillomavirus (HPV).
- Gout, which is painful swelling of the joints and loss of joint mobility, caused by deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints.
- Inflammatory conditions associated with an overactive immune system like severe eczema, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Crohn's disease.
- Vascular headaches like migraine and menopausal hot flushes, caused by dilation of blood vessels in the brain and skin respectively.
- Infertility in women due to lack of ovulation.
- Breast cancers that are estrogen-dependent.
- Nausea and vomiting due to several conditions, including gastrointestinal disorders, dysmobility (slowing down of food through the GI tract), food poisoning, migraine, chemotherapy and radiotherapy for cancer treatment, reaction to surgical anaesthetic.
- Incontinence, which is loss of bladder control.
- Thrombosis, which is blood clot formation that can cause a heart attack or stroke in people who have cardiovascular disease.
- Malaria, a parasitic disease.
- Vascular problems, including peripheral artery disease, when large arteries in the arms and legs become obstructed or partially blocked; also circulatory disorders in the eyes and ears, where the blood vessels have degenerated and can lead to impairment of sight and hearing
Meniere's syndromeMeniere's syndrome is a disorder of the inner ear and is caused by too much fluid (endolymph) in the fluid-filled canals of the inner ear, a condition called endolymphatic hydrops. This puts pressure on the sensory cells in the canals and disturbs the transmission of nerve impulses relating to balance, causing the brain to trigger the vomiting reflex. This induces symptoms including vertigo, a spinning sensation that can cause nausea and vomiting, and affects hearing and balance.
Medications that are used to help relieve symptoms of Meniere's syndrome block the transmission of nerve impulses from the inner ear to the vomiting center in the brain. The histamine agonist betahistine works by binding to histamine receptors in the capillaries (small blood vessels) of the inner ear, which increases their permeability allowing the excess fluid to drain away from the inner ear and relieving the pressure on the sensory cells. Betahistine also binds to histamine receptors on nerve cells, blocking transmission of nerve signals that are interpreted by the brain as disruptive to hearing and balance.
Range of general medications- The immunomodifier and antiviral imiquimod activates immune cells to produce chemicals involved in fighting invasion by pathogens like viruses and killing tumour cells; a property used to treat genital/perianal warts caused by infection with HPV and basal cell carcinoma; also to produce inflammatory reactions a property used to treat skin conditions like solar (actinic) keratoses.
- Allopurinol reduces uric acid productions and thereby reduces levels of uric acid in the blood, and is used for the treatment of gout and prevention of kidney stone formation.
- Colchicine tha blocks the action of inflammatory cells and is used to treat gout to help reduce inflammation associated with uric acid crystals in the joints.
- The anti-inflammatory corticosteroids prednisone and hydrocortisone reduce inflammatory reactions in several conditions, by inhibiting the production of inflammatory chemicals like prostaglandins.
- The anti-inflammatory prednisone a synthetic glucocorticoid, similar to the naturally occurring cortisol that is used for hormone replacement therapy to replace a lack natural corticosteroid in conditions such as underactive adrenal glands.
- The alpha-agonist clonidine acts on alpha adrenergic receptors in the brain and inhibits the release of the neurotransmitter noradrenaline, which inhibits peripheral vasodilation (small blood vessel to widen) and is used to treat vascular headaches like migraine; also menopausal hot flushes.
- Clomiphene a selective oestrogen receptor modulator that binds to the oestrogen receptor in the hypothalamus of the brain to induce ovulation and is used in the treatment of infertility.
- The anti-oestrogen tamoxifen blocks the oestrogen receptor on breast cancer cells and is used to treat breast cancers that are dependent on estrogen to grow.
- The antiemetics and dopamine antagonists domperidone and metoclopramide bind to dopamine receptors and block transmission of nerve signals to the vomiting centre in the brain, thereby blocking the vomiting reflex to prevent nausea and vomiting.
- The antispasmodic and anticholinergic oxybutynin acts directly on the smooth muscle of the bladder, to prevent spasmodic contraction and uncontrolled urination and is used to treat loss of bladder control leading to incontinence.
- The anti-platelet drug clopidogrel inhibits platelet aggregation and is used to reduce risk of a blood clot forming in people who have cardiovascular disease and who are at risk of heart attack or stroke.
- The anti-parasitic and schizontocide quinine that is to treat malaria by killing the infective stage of the plasmodium parasite that transmitted by a mosquito bite and causes malaria.
- The vasodilator oxpentifylline that causes blood vessels to widen and is used to increase blood flow in vascular several conditions.
Pill cutterA Pill Cutter is available to enable you to cut your pills or tablets into half, to reduce the dose of the medication.
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Range of general medicationsMany of the medications in the class of our General section are used for specific conditions and are therefore, included in other sections, but they may also have other uses, which is why they are included here. For example, prednisone is an anti-inflammatory that is used to treat extreme cases of asthma or allergy and is included in our Asthma/Allergy section; it is also used for other conditions such as a hormone supplement for a deficiency of natural corticosteroid production by the adrenal gland. Allopurinol is used to treat gout and is included in our Arthritis/Bone and Joint section, but is also used to treat kidney stones and is included under General Medications.
Some of the sub-categories in our General section are included because they may be easier to find in this section, although they are also included in other sections, for example, anti-nausea medications that are also in the Digestive section. Dietary supplements for joint health are also included in our Arthritis/Allergy section. Motilium is included in our Digestive and Breastfeeding section.
Dietary supplementsDietary supplements available under our General section are products that include a selection of vitamins and minerals to promote general health and boost the immune system. Another product contains specific nutrients to promote healthy joints.
Causes of nauseaNausea has many causes including, digestive problems, reaction to chemotherapy or surgery, motion sickness or vertigo due to Meniere's syndrome. Several medications are available for treating the specific causes of each type of nausea and these are listed in the appropriate category of our General section.
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